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• Title: Political Orientation, Hostile Media Perceptions, And Group-Centrism (Report)
• Author : North American Journal of Psychology
• Release Date : January 01, 2009
• Genre: Education,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 218 KB

Description

News media play a major role in political campaigns (Hansen & Benoit, 2007). Coupled with the recent increase in perceived divisions between Democrats and Republicans in United States politics (Seyle & Newman, 2006), the issue of fairness in American political news media has understandably come under great scrutiny (Lee, 2005; Morris, 2007). Although some specific news sources are favorably biased toward a particular ideology, the growing number of investigations reveal that the overall news industry is largely balanced (for numerous references on each side, see Eveland & Shah, 2003; Lee, 2005; Morris, 2007). However, media reports commonly contain references to a "liberal press" or a general media bias favoring liberal ideology (Lee, 2005; Watts, Domke, Shah, & Fan, 1999). One potential effect is that people might perceive balanced news coverage as liberally biased (Watts et al., 1999), perhaps especially Republicans or conservatives, as some political pundits and researchers have claimed. In general, one typically perceives the media as biased against one's views, termed hostile media perceptions or the hostile media effect (e.g., Eveland & Shah, 2003; Lee, 2005). However, it is still unclear how Democrats and Republicans compare in their perceptions of media being against their ideological side, in part because of methodological limitations in previous studies. One general limitation is that previous studies measured perceptions of the media's treatment of a single issue or candidate (as noted by Lee, 2005; see also Gunther & Schmitt, 2004), and not of general political ideologies or groups. Although the difference might seem subtle, it is akin to the difference between mistreatment of an individual and discrimination against the group to which the individual belongs. Among the studies that investigated more general media perceptions as a function of political orientation (Eveland & Shah, 2003; Gunther, 1992; Lee, 2005; Mutz & Martin, 2001; Watts et al., 1999), none showed that Republicans differed from Democrats in perceptions of media hostile to a political ideology or group.

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